So if I’ve understood the documentation correctly, the way to do this in Godot is thusly...
One must start by creating an Image, this will be the pixel buffer, and can be modified as required.
The next step is to create an ImageTexture, and use SetData() the previously created Image for the data source.
Then a Sprite must be added to the scene and its texture needs to be set to the ImageTexture.
Now one only needs to modify the Image and call SetData() to have the sprite’s texture modified.
I need to test this out, but that is how my mental model works at the moment.