I downloaded the project, and it seems the issue is with how your scene is setup. I moved the Sprite node so that it is a child of the Path2D node and commented out the code for PathFollow2D and everything worked as expected.

I'm guessing the PathFollow2D node applies an offset or something. It is kinda strange though, especially because the remote debugger says the Sprite is at the correct position.
If you want to use the PathFollow2D node, you might want to look into using the unit_offset property (Godot documentation) for moving the Sprite on the path. Setting the unit_offset property to 0.75 should place the sprite at point number 2.