Since I don't use C#(edit: I mean VS in general) I can't comment about versions but I'm sure that there is at least some "support" for working with Visual Studio. At the very least it shouldn't be impossible.
Hopefully there's someone here who works with some version of VS that might be able to give some advice, but I wouldn't be surprised if there isn't any pre-made project template for the latest VS yet. However if you look for it you might find a template perhaps for an older version you could maybe modify for it?
edit: there is the godot tools on VS Marketplace that might maybe work for VS as well as VS code, might be of some help perhaps(assuming the plugin/extension api is the same/compatible between the two):
https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=geequlim.godot-tools